Don’t try. You won’t. I have a friend who’s a producer and mix engineer for major label bands who can’t fully explain what exactly mastering is. It’s a dark art. Magic.
All I know is that when a record has been properly mastered for vinyl, the most common thing I notice is that the drums are louder than everything else as you’d have in a live setting, as opposed to everything being “brickwalled”. But given that mastering is expressly not remixing, I still don’t understand how it can make such a difference.
I think the three reissues in my collection which sound noticeably different (I won’t say ‘better’ as that’s entirely subjective) from the digital versions are Coheed’s 2014 remaster of IKSSE:3, the Mobile Fidelity reissue of the first three Weezer albums, and the Foo Fighters vinyl reissues from a couple of years back (particularly There Is Nothing Left To Lose). AFAIK all the engineer can do is tweak the EQ, but there’s clearly a lot more to it than that.